Criterion A: The aim of the investigation is made apparent to the reader

Criterion A: The student explained the relevance of the topic covered

Comment: The student attempts to explain the relevance of the topic, stating that although 'the framing effect can not be eliminated but it can be recognized.' However, for a sufficient explanation, the student should have discussed real-life situations to which the knowledge obtained in the study could be applied, e.g. to allow people to assess their financial decisions more carefully when similar options are marketed, and thus framed, differently

Criterion A: The reader is presented with a description of the theory or a model behind the exploration

Comment: The student bases their investigation on the framing effect, although it is important to note that as of May 2021, "effects" are no longer considered sufficient background theory by IB

Criterion A: All psychology or topic-specific terminology is defined

Comment: The student does not use much of topic-specific terminology, but when they do, they provide sufficient explanations

Criterion A: The student clearly presents the connection between the selected theory or a model on which their exploration is based

Comment: The student explains the link between the theory and their investigation based on the original Tversky & Kahneman study

Criterion A: The document clearly identifies the independent variable

Comment: The way in which the independent variable is phrased is unclear. The student should have defined the 'positive' and 'negative' frame and only then stated the variable, e.g, 'The independent variable is the positive or negative framing of the option'

Criterion A: The document clearly identifies the dependent variable

Comment: Again, the student should have clearly distinguished between the 'frames' and 'options' and then stated the dependent variable, e.g. 'The treatment option chosen by the participant'

Criterion A: The null or research hypothesis includes both variables; independent and dependent

Criterion A: The null or research hypothesis includes both variables; independent and dependent

Criterion B: The student clearly describes and explains the research design (the reader is fully aware of what techniques were being applied)

Comment: It seems that the student confused the research design with the sampling technique. The research design used in the study is independent measures design

Criterion B: The student clearly describes and explains the sampling technique applied in the exploration

Comment: The student correctly identifies the sampling technique used as opportunity sampling and justifies their choice as the most convenient and appropriate in regard to COVID-19 restrictions. However, the student did confuse the sampling technique with the research design in the previous section

Criterion B: The student states any relevant characteristics of the research participants

Comment: Although the student states the participants' age and gender distribution, they do not explain its relevance to the study. Furthermore, they should have included other relevant characteristics, such as English proficiency, and explained their role in the context of the study

Criterion B: The document explains the choice of participants in a clear manner, providing appropriate justification for the selection to the reader

Comment: The participants were chosen based on convenience and availability in regards to the pandemic

Criterion B: The student identifies and describes the controlled variables of their exploration

Comment: The student should have clearly listed all of the controlled variables along with the reason for their control and the way in which they were controlled

Criterion B: The document lists all materials that were used in the methodology

Criterion B: The student clarifies their choice of materials used

Comment: The student should have explained the reasoning behind the choice of each material, e.g. the use of Google Forms allowed to conduct the experiment online and thus maintain social distancing

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